FROM THE ORIGINS TO THE PRESENT

Ambulatory electrocardiogram (AECG) is an integral part of the diagnostic system of modern clinical practice.

AECG origins are in the late 30-ies of the last century and are associated with the name of a talented experimental scientist N. Holter. He not only expressed, but also embodied the idea of waking registration of biological signals in the body naturally.

N. Holter with JA Gengerelli first realized the stimulation and recording of electrical activity in rat brain at a distance from the transmission and reception of signals through electrodes implanted on the radio.

N. Holter, along with physicist W. Glasscock created the first electrocardiograph with a radio transmitter to broadcast the electrical signals from the heart to a distance of a city block. Dimensions (only weight 38.5 kg) were not allowed to use the ECG in practice, so they were soon reduced, but with the possibility of translating the electrocardiographic signal at a distance of several meters. With a further reduction of its size and the addition of decoding Records received the first full AECG.

The official date of birth AECG schitayut1961, when the journal Science published an article by N. Holter «A new method for the study of the heart. The practical use of long-term electrocardiogram in patients during the activity. The first commercial AECG appeared the following year.

It took, however, almost 40 years to summarize the results of clinical application of AECG as published in the 1999 American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association guidelines.

In this age of AECG is undergoing a revolutionary change in the instrument parts, ways and means of telemetry transmission of ECG signals, options for the number of registered channels, quality and duration of their registration, software products, with the possibilities of computer interpretation of electrophysiological phenomena, as well as many other third-party services, which completely recently you could only dream of.

AECG today means more than just ECG monitoring in relation to the natural behavior of the subject, the study of the periodical cardiac arrhythmias, and its intervals, daily changes in heart rate variability (HRV), the control of drug therapy and cardiac pacemakers, but the approach to this variety of tasks on a good philosophical basis Chronobiology and chronomedicine.

Historically used several names method AECG - patient and ECG monitoring, dynamic electrocardiography, others, Holter monitoring as well.

AECG - a classic ECG Holter ECG with a record daily on a portable storage medium and delayed decryption. But this transtelephonic monitoring, monitoring of the activation record (event recorder - event recorder) patient in the required times they (the appearance of symptoms, stress tests, medications, etc.), as well as implantable device with the ability to record the ECG for months and even years.

Though AECG entered adulthood, not all just the moon. If the technique in AECG - a trick, with the interpretation of results is much more difficult, and without a good assistant can not do.

Part 3 - Jazz From Its Origins to the Present - The Twenties

Описание:

Discussion based on the Course "Introduction to Jazz."
The text reference for the course is "Jazz: From Its Origins to the Present"
Text: ISBN: 0135121957/ ISBN-13: 9780135121955
Jazz: From Its Origins to the Present (Softcover)
by Lewis Porter, Ph.D., Michael Ullman, Edward Hazell
Prentice Hall, 1992, 512 pages, English
University Jazz Course

Music Excerpts from "Ken Burns Jazz, The Story of America's Music"
Frankie Trumbauer and his orchestra featuring Bix Beiderbecke, "Singing' the Blues," James P. Johnson, "Charleston," Duke Ellington, "East St. Louis Toodle-oo" and "Mood Indigo," Fletcher Henderson, "Sugar Foot Stomp."

FOOD QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE MIDDLE-critical VIEW OF LONGEVITY AND NON-CHRONIC ILLNESS

Good nutrition in mid-life is critical in terms of longevity and no chronic illnesses Without a healthy lifestyle with healthy food is going nowhere.

Do not believe me?

But middle-aged women who adhere to the Mediterranean diet, live longer and have fewer health problems.

The basis of this diet - large quantities of fruit, vegetables, fish, whole grains and beans. This dark meat and processed meat products is almost not consumed, and monounsaturated fats are in large quantities of olive oil.

Cecilia Samieira from the University of Bordeaux emphasizes quality food in the middle of life is critical in terms of longevity and no chronic illnesses.

If we stick to the Mediterranean diet, it is likely to get into a group of aging without problems.

For example, in this group were only 11% of people surveyed more than 10,000 women 50-60 years of age.

This indicates an incorrect approach to the diet of most women.

In general, women, eating right, 40% more often stepped over the mark of 70 and let.no

Men, this diet should produce the same effect, he said.

Recall that a good idea to embellish the Mediterranean diet simple bacon, and then meteozavisimosti meteopaty too painful and will be less.

Our advice - do not bother on a diet, but just do not overeat, eat a variety of foods with sufficient inclusion is not only fresh, but also, necessarily, pickled vegetables and fruits.

BIND COSMIC RAYS AND GLOBAL WARMING IS NOT SUCCEED, THE CAUSE OF MAN LOOKING unwise to

Assign cosmic rays and global warming does not work, look for the cause in a person unreasonable Assign cosmic rays and global warming does not work, look for the cause in a person unreasonable.

According to some, solar activity can affect the amount of cosmic radiation reaching the earth, which will affect the formation of clouds, and thus on climate. However, Rasmus Benestad from the Norwegian Meteorological Institute has come to the conclusion that changes in solar activity can not explain global warming.

Tracking station of cosmic rays on Sulfuric mountain in Alberta, Canada (photo cec403).

Mr Benestad compared the average annual data on changes in the galactic radiation in the years 1951-2006 with annual variations of temperature, atmospheric pressure at sea level and rainfall on Earth. For information on cosmic rays have been obtained thanks to the high-rise registrar neutrons located in Climax (Colorado, USA).

The scientist was looking for examples of meteorological response to cosmic rays and in time and space, as well as checking how to react to climate change in the concentration of greenhouse gases and Southern oscillation. The idea is that the correlations are absent, that is, cosmic rays do not seem to have much effect on me selected range of basic meteorological components - emphasizes Mr. Benestad. - At least to the global average.

Among the exceptions to be noted, however, some parts of Europe.

Galactic radiation was associated with a decrease in temperature in parts of Eastern Europe. Scientists would like to clarify the situation: whether it is an ordinary match, then a correlation between cosmic rays and temperature, and pressure at sea level does exist. If the latter is true, then why this relationship is manifested only at the regional level?

This area is affected by the North Atlantic Oscillation, and this phenomenon is a bit special: it is the change in pressure at sea level for several years, - says the expert. - The constancy of these changes may accidentally coincide with changes in solar activity, and can indeed speak of sensitivity to them. According to Mr Benestad, the answers to these questions would help to clarify the ten weather forecasts in the area.

Globally, the results of the analysis show that the poor response to the global average temperature by cosmic rays is reduced to chance. Moreover, the influx of cosmic rays did not show any long-term trend. Consequently, link galactic radiation with the recent global warming is impossible.

Why is a hypothesis that cosmic rays may play a role in climate change? And why some felt that this factor is even more important than greenhouse gases?

The fact that cosmic rays ionize the atmosphere, and some scientists believe that a drop of water can condense on the ions with the result, and aerosol particles, thereby contributing to the formation of clouds, although the experiments did not confirm this conjecture.

Solar activity, which increases and decreases in the course of the 11-year cycle, leads to a periodic reduction in the inflow of cosmic rays on Earth (they are deflected by the solar wind - charged particles of the light). If the hypothesis is correct, the increase in solar activity should correlate with a decrease in cloud cover. Evidence of this is also not yet received.

Especially on anything not based on the idea that greenhouse gases do not play any role in warming: the blame, they say, lies in the cosmic rays. The people, however, this version is very popular.

A study conducted by Mr. Benestad - part of the European project TOSCA, which aims to study the impact of solar activity on the Earth's climate. It should be emphasized that the Norwegian's intention was to figure out how to respond to the cosmic rays are the main meteorological parameters, and not how they affect the physical processes in the Earth's atmosphere.

  in the footsteps of Environmental Research Letters, Physicsworld.Com, compulenta.computerra.ru