MORE ABOUT melatonin

More about melatonin
Melatonin write very much. Here is the statement given in (1): As a well-known graph of Transylvania, melatonin only comes at night. But unlike Drakuly it enters the bloodstream and safely without fracture and then participates in a variety of biological processes.

Claim that melatonin may fail to smooth rhythms, to treat cancer and depression, and may delay the aging process.

Whether such statements are true? We try to examine the biochemistry of melatonin and all that is known about its effect. What is it?

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) - a derivative of serotonin, which in turn is synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan. When we consume tryptophan from food, the body converts it into a significant part of serotonin. However, enzymes, heads turning serotonin into melatonin is suppressed lighting.

That is why the production of this hormone occurs at night.

Melatonin allocated melanocytes pineal gland cells under the influence melanotropin peptide hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. Do creatures such fish, frogs and lizards the pineal gland is a light-sensitive organ that acts as a third eye and a control sexual behavior of these animals by altering the production of sex hormones. In humans, until recently, the appointment of the body presents a conundrum. Now it is considered as one of the main centers of the synthesis of hormones. In lower animals melatonin lightens the color of the skin.

Studying this effect, dermatologist Aaron Lerner at Yale University in 1958, isolated from bovine pineal glands of a substance called melatonin for its ability to stimulate the growth of pigment cells (melanophores). Further investigation revealed that the pineal gland secretes this hormone in response to a signal from the sympathetic nervous system. It is particularly interesting that in the process of separation of melatonin directly involved two major neurotransmitters - serotonin and norephedrine. Melatonin stimulates the areas of the nervous system, which stands norephedrine.

In turn, norephedrine affects the pineal gland.

There is some controversy regarding the biological role melanotropnogo hormone and melatonin. It is possible that their functions are largely overlap.

Reproduction and maturity

Apparently, melatonin regulates the onset of the breeding season of animals to offspring born at an auspicious time when natural conditions contribute to its survival. This hormone is often used by scientists to artificially shift the period of sexual activity in laboratory animals. But the man - not an animal: we can mate at any time and in any place ...

In adults, melatonin is not controlled levels of sex hormones, but it plays an important role in the onset of maturity. Here's an example. In the study of children aged 7 to 18 years, researchers found that children younger nocturnal melatonin levels above the daily about 40 times, and after the maturity of the difference is about 10 times.

Theorized that the mechanism of maturation starts decreased nocturnal melatonin secretion. In young children, this hormone has two functions: Increases the duration of sleep and suppresses the secretion of sex hormones.

Melatonin and depression

Since serotonin and norephedrine work as neurotransmitters in neurons of the brain, the lack of one or both of them at once, probably associated with the development of depression. It can be observed or a decrease in the synthesis, or imbalance in the synthesis of these substances. Now depression is treated with special drugs that increase the release of neurotransmitters.

Since melatonin is associated with norephedrine and serotonin, scientists had assumed that he was also involved in the development of certain mental disorders. It is shown that in people with depression, the rhythm of melatonin release greatly disturbed. For example, the peak of production of this hormone comes at a time from dawn until noon instead of the usual 2 am.

At the same ones who suffer more rapid fatigue, the rhythms of melatonin synthesis are changing quite chaotic.

Also found low levels of melatonin link with hyperactivity in manias. In contrast, schizophrenics content of this hormone is often increased.

An interesting observation made in the study of seasonal disorder syndrome. This syndrome is a set of disorders that manifest themselves in a particular season (usually in winter): fatigue, excessive sleeping, depression, increased appetite, cravings for sugar. Theoretically, it should be due to slow metabolism as these manifestations contribute to energy conservation.

However, in practice suffer from the syndrome metabolic rate, on the contrary, increased. Treatment with light effective in this case, slow metabolism.

A proposed mechanism for the phenomenon is that increased levels of melatonin stimulate the deposition of a special type of fat in brown adipose cells. Low light and low ambient temperature provoke release of norephedrine, which regulates heat dissipation. Norephedrine, in turn, stimulates the activity of pineal gland. At low temperature also increases the appetite, causing an increased need for carbohydrates.

Carbohydrate processing require increasing insulin levels, which causes increased excretion of tryptophan. Last converted into serotonin into melatonin, and then, which stimulates the growth of brown adipose tissue. Overcoming failure biorhythms.

Silversun Pickups - Melatonin

Описание:

Silversun Pickups - 01 Melatonin - Carnavas - 2006

CONSEQUENCES OF DISTRESS can stretch for years and decades

The consequences of distress may take years or decades
The consequences of distress or bad stress, but stress as such, because, figuratively speaking, good stress is the foundation of a healthy life, can take years or decades, conclude by Australian scientists.

That distress adversely affects the physical and mental health and is a trigger for the development of a number of diseases. In the study, researchers found that the body is able to remember the traumatic events of a lifetime.

The more often a person is going through such an event, the greater the change in the body's response to stress. Each subsequent traumatic event hits harder earlier.

As an example, experts cite the soldiers of the active army. Because they have experienced traumatic events often suffer from premature chronic diseases.

Physical ailments may manifest itself in 2-3 years after suffering a stress.

Until meteopaty hand.

  in the wake of Likar Info

WEATHER AND MOOD

Weather and mood weather - the source of many metaphors for our fickle minds. Eyes brightened, clouded brow ... Prospects may be brighter, the future - hazy relationship - stormy.

Like the weather, our emotions sometimes seem unstable and uncontrollable forces of nature.

Photo Olena Zaskochenko / Shutterstock.

Yes, the weather has given us an expressive language to describe our emotional atmosphere, but maybe it also defines it? Cloudy days bring with them a gloomy mood, does not it? And do not boil the blood in his veins when the mercury rises?

Clearly, from all aspects of the weather the sun is most closely associated with mood. Although this relationship is weaker than many people realize, sunlight, as has been repeatedly identified by scientists, improves mood, dulls the sadness, reduces fatigue.

But all that changes the mood, affect behavior. Happy sympathetic to each other - and on sunny days, we often help people. One American study found that in Minnesota Visitors cafe in those days, leave a generous tip.

Happy not only waiters, but also investors: a sunny day stock returns are rising.

Under the sun melt even the heart of towering beauties. French psychologist Nicolas Gegen conducted the following experiment: an attractive man approached the single women and asked them for the phone number. You are so beautiful - blandly droned seducer. - I'll call you and we'll go out together.

So, the sun was lucky in 22% of cases, and on cloudy days - 14%.

Previously, Mr. Gegen investigated the influence on the success of flirting flowers and confectionery flavors. I wonder if we wait for the stude dedicated to chocolate and puppies?

In the meantime, let's have some fun psychologists, confirming the stereotypes of Americans interested in the money, the French - romance ...

...And Australians - shopping. Joseph Forgas of Sydney has shown that the sun affects the sharpness. On the way out of the boutique shoppers were asked about ten unusual objects: a toy tractor, a pink piggy bank, etc.

All of these things they can see next to the cashier. On cloudy days were recalled seven times more objects than in the sun.

These results are consistent with the findings of many studies that say that the bad mood activates cognitive processes, that is, we become more alert. Figuratively speaking, in the gray days we begin to think of how people dressed in gray suits are strict. Uri Simonson, for example, found that in cloudy weather, the members of selection committees in universities more value on knowledge of examinees, and in the sun - a rather different nature.

Temperature affects our consciousness and behavior independently of sunlight. The further away from the ideal for most of us, 20 ° C, the greater the internal discomfort. One study found that we are less likely to help each other, if the temperature falls below or rises above this value.

In addition, the higher the temperature, the higher the aggression. In hotter years, months, days, and times of day recorded more murders and riots, often honking cars. Filed in baseball likely to drop to fail, and not just because of sweaty fingers.

The heat increases and verbal aggression. A recent study of media reports devoted to the Beijing Olympics in 2008, found that American journalists have used more words with negative connotation on hot days, even when writing about China in general, and not about the Games.

The mood is influenced not only heat and sunlight. Excessive moisture can cause fatigue and irritability. Fluctuations in atmospheric pressure brings with it frequent mood swings and headaches. Some researchers have found a link between low pressure and suicide.

If you conduct a survey on a rainy day, it turns out that people in general, is not happy.

In short, the weather really affects psychology. The reasons for this are not always obvious, but some physiological relationship can be seen with the naked eye. It's clear that on a hot day, the body spends more resources on thermoregulation, so difficult for us to restrain primitive emotions - hence irritability and aggressiveness.

Getting on the skin, sunlight helps produce vitamin D, and that contributes to raise the level of serotonin in the brain, and the mood lifted. Winter depression (seasonal affective disorder) treated with light.

Apparently, there are factors not only biological, but with the social and psychological. For example, the warmer, the more we get out of the house, actively interact with each other, making it more likely that we would start to annoy each other.

Indeed, a lot depends on our way of life, how we let the weather affect us. For example, in industrialized countries, people go outside to only 7% of the time.

Weather and Mood

Описание:

Using very simple image to demonstrate a weather forecast video supported by Uniqlo