The biosphere may suffer from the ocean
Unexpected interaction between ocean currents and bacteria leads to the widening of the already large areas of ocean waters rich with nitrogen and oxygen-poor.
These areas not only damage the biosphere, but also reduce the ability of the ocean to absorb CO2, which has a negative impact on the pace of global warming.
Researchers from the University of Southern Denmark, discovered the cause of excess nitrogen in the largest and three large regions of the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Chile and Peru.
For the first time, scientists have tracked the interaction between ocean currents and bacteria, which unexpectedly leads to the formation of large amounts of nitrogen in the Pacific.
This phenomenon is of particular concern of scientists, since expanding anoxic zones reduce the ocean's ability to absorb the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide and threaten marine ecosystems.
The growth anoxic zones are anammox bacteria that move with the currents from the equator toward the South Pole.
On the way to the south, the bacteria consume ammonia dissolved in water and turn it into nitrogen gas.
Along the coast of New Zealand's heavy and nutrient-rich water drops below the ocean's surface and begin to move first along the equator, and then change course and head south after approaching the coast of South America.
All of this route, the oxygen content in the water drops.
Scientists are surprised that the anammox bacteria are able to cause such a large-scale phenomenon.
In other regions of the world ocean are engaged in the production of nitrogen denitrifying bacteria that produce nitrogen in the decomposition process of organic materials rather than absorption of ammonia.
Denitrifying bacteria but never find enough nutrients to produce such a huge amount of nitrogen, which produce anammox bacteria.
While there is no indication that the bacteria that produce a large amount of nitrogen can disrupt the circulation of ocean currents (which would be a disaster).
However, there are signs that the anoxic zone, saturated with nitrogen, are expanding.
This increases the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere, reducing food base for marine organisms and increasing amounts of greenhouse gases.
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