Congestive heart failure
Heart failure - One of the major clinical syndromes that define quality and duration of life, with the advent of its risk meteotropic or meteodependent reactions increases dramatically, and the first is the only condition for this to help the patient - the best way to solve this problem.
In the book of standards for the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure are viewed through the prism of the author's philosophy, in which the leading violin along with problems of the heart belongs Dysregulation.
Administration http://
Yabluchansky NI, Garmash, EV Chronic heart failure. Kharkov, 2008
The authors thank Prof. Voronkov LG for reviewing books
Table of contents
List of Abbreviations
Introduction
Key terms
Defining and understanding
Epidemiology
The nature and mechanisms
Diagnostics
Clinical signs
Confirmation Tool
1. Electrocardiography (ECG)
2. Chest X-ray
3. Tomographic methods
4. Radionuclide kardioangiografii
5. Measurements of lung function
6. Load tests
7. Invasive studies
8. Pulse oximetry
Laboratory and biochemical methods
The criteria for diagnosis
Classification
Treatment
Purpose and Objectives
The achievement of goals and objectives
Collaboration with the patient and the microenvironment
Lifestyle modification
Preventive measures
Weight control
Physical activity
Diet
Alcohol
Smoking
Sexual activity
Vaccination
Travel
Drug therapy
Fixed assets
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Angiotensin receptor antagonists (ARA)
Beta-adrenergic blockers (BB)
Diuretics
Cardiac glycosides
Additional funds
Vitamin K antagonists, and anticoagulants direct
Aids
Calcium antagonists
Antiarrhythmics
Peripheral vasodilators
Deprecated means
Accents on multidrug therapy
Interventional therapies
Electrophysiological methods
Surgical methods
Ultrafiltration of blood and plasma exchange
Forecast
Medical-social examination and clinical examination
Spa treatment
Minutes of providing medical care to the patient with heart failure
The most important
Recommended reading
List of Abbreviations
Hypertension - hypertension
BP - blood pressure
ADLZH - asymptotic left ventricular dysfunction
AAN - aldosterone antagonists
AN - aldosterone
ARA - angiotensin receptor antagonists
ASA - acetylsalicylic acid
AT - angiotensin I
BAB - beta-blockers adrenergic receptors
CCB - Calcium channel blockers
ESC - European Society of Cardiology
ACE - angiotensin converting enzyme angibitory
CHD - coronary heart disease
MI - acute myocardial infarction
BMI - body mass index
kk - creatinine clearance
INR - International Normalized Ratio
NSAIDs - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
LVC - sodium uretichesky (f) peptide (s)
KEYSTONE - acute heart failure
RAAS - renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-adrenal system
Type 2 - diabetes of the second type
CH - chronic heart failure
FI - left ventricular ejection fraction
FC HF NYHA - functional class of heart failure of New York Heart Association
HR - heart rate
Hibs - chronic ischemic heart disease
ECG - electrocardiogram
NaCl - table salt
NO - nitric oxide
Introduction
Chronic heart failure, further cardiac failure - heart failure, one of the most important clinical syndromes, which are encountered in their work to practitioners.
Complicating she practically all diseases of the heart and vascular disease most. Do not pass it to many patients with lung disease, anemia, connective tissue diseases, many other pathological conditions.
For a long time, in various different diseases, CH stands as one of the ordinary clinical syndromes. Recognition in this period allows for many years, if not decades, to suspend its development than to ensure that all other things being equal, quite comfortable and long life of the patient.
At a certain stage of the disease, however, there may come a time when the CH will play a dominant role in its clinical presentation, defining the current state of health of the patient and his response to medical intervention and prognosis regarding life and death.
This is the case or that stage in the development of heart failure, which gave the foundation cohort of scholars, and today it is replenished by a growing number of supporters, to raise the CH to the level of disease (nosology).
And let those who play the first violin in the clinical picture of the disease or, more precisely, in the health of the patient cases (stages in development) CH in the doctor's diagnosis will be featured as part of one of it (the disease) syndromes of strategy and tactics management of the patient in any way will not change. The first line of treatment it will somehow be concentrated on the CH.
CH - battleground doctors of many specialties.
First of all, it's general practitioners, family physicians, general practitioners (certainly with the support of cardiologists), followed by cardiology, interventional cardiologists and cardiac surgeons.
With them in direct contact pulmonologists, hematologists, rheumatologists, doctors of other specialties. On the one hand, because it related to their parish of the disease may be complicated by heart failure. On the other - because in a patient with heart failure not related to her illness so modifies his picture and affects the prediction that without the appropriate knowledge and training is necessary.
Significant social, financial, and, of course, personal loss associated with heart failure caused exceptionally high interest in it, which naturally affected both its understanding and the approaches to diagnosis and treatment.
With that, the problem of heart failure, as well as any other, will continue to be the focus of attention not only practice, but also of science simply because the world in all its guises is not more than knowable, today the major issues it is concentrated in the area of practice.
It seems strange, but in this enlightened age, the practice of CH behind the science, many of the achievements which actually increase the quality and length of life of patients has not yet been fully realized.
In our book, we summarize recent advances in the field of heart failure is projected on clinical practice. It integrates international and national guidelines and evidence-based medicine publications, which are only partially included in the list of recommended reading simply because they do not grasp the immensity. For the same reason, we have tried to refrain from invoking the course of the text, aware of the fact that all the accumulated us is the result of efforts of many of our predecessors, colleagues and students in a broad sense.
Djemba Djemba - Chronic Heart Failure
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Djemba Djemba - Chronic Heart Failure
Djemba Djemba - Chronic Heart Failure
Djemba Djemba - Chronic Heart Failure
