Space weather in our lives in our Space Weather plays a very special role, which is one of the major themes of the resource. To apply the theme, each time at a new level, many researchers, and this introduction, we invite the interested reader to read a scientific monograph VS Martyniuk, NA Temuryants and BM Vladimir's There is no bad weather, space weather in our lives.
Earth - part of the solar system, the solar system - the part of the Galaxy, the Galaxy - part of the observable universe (for recent theoretical research has yet to be an unobserved dark matter and dark energy). Earth - is one of the clusters of matter in the universe, which is influenced by her in motion and interaction through the physical fields and radiation generated in an infinite universe, the majority of the space is occupied by interstellar gas, dust, and separate streams of particles. Earth makes a complex mechanical movement due to the transfer, the interaction with other clusters of matter (rotation around its own axis upper geoobolochek, as well as the rotation of the Earth around the solid core of the magnetic axis, and participation in both of these rotations of the liquid magma move in an elliptical orbit (the form of which is cyclically transformed ) around the Sun, and the rotation
together as part of the solar system around the center of a galaxy, and so on).
This corresponds to Mach's principle (the famous Austrian physicist and philosopher whose ideas largely determined the theory of relativity): ... the inertia force acting on the body is the result of the gravitational effects on the body remote matter iinertnaya body weight is determined by all matter in the universe.
A characteristic feature of the Earth is the existence of so-called wildlife, which, together with the environment inhabited by living organisms and subject to their influence, as well as placed in this environment, waste products of these organisms is the Earth's biosphere. The idea of the cosmic influence on life on earth, as it is known, has its roots in antiquity. The first scientific hypothesis about the influence of the Sun on the Earth processes in European science of modern times was expressed famous English astronomer William Herschel in the early 19th century.
Comparing the small number of observations on the number of sunspots to fluctuations in commodity grain, this wonderful researcher concluded that the Sun somehow affect the weather and climate of the Earth, and thus on productivity and, consequently, the price of wheat. Surprisingly, this is essentially the first correct result,
which is now confirmed by independent studies, was not accepted by the scientific community seriously.
Following the discovery cycle in the appearance of sunspots scientific world has experienced a relatively short period of fascination with sunspots comparisons of various phenomena. However, by the end of the 19th century, the mood of the scientific community has changed a lot, and have been challenged even reliably established facts regarding the impact of the Sun on the Earth. In the subsequent period in the 20th century, the opposition met any data and considerations relevant to the influence of solar activity on the medical and biological phenomena.
The vast majority of researchers considered the study of these issues as a matter entirely frivolous, and many were genuinely convinced that the idea of the impact of the cosmos to the biological process is unscientific. The negative attitude towards the concept of cosmic influences on the terrestrial processes, to some extent, and was due to psychological reasons, first of all, an unconscious reaction to the astrological primitive myths.
However, interest in this issue continued to show different researchers. Great Swedish scientist SA Arrhenius was deeply interested in
space physics. He probably was one of the first to completely clear idea of the phenomenological scheme of cosmic influence on the biosphere: some processes in space affect our environment by changing the parameters of a factor which has a direct effect on the body. In his view, this factor is electrical in nature.
AL Chizhevsky 110th anniversary of the birth of which in 2007 celebrates the scientific community, was the first researcher who codified all available at the time the data array and found high prevalence of solar-terrestrial relationships. Many of the issues raised by them, are still relevant today.
It should be noted that for the theoretical description of the solar-terrestrial relationships and building a relevant theoretical models require some
the objective conditions that have emerged and matured in the second half of the 20th century. The first important point was that if it was discovered that the Earth's space environment - a space where constant flow of different kinds of dynamic processes. This became clear after the largest ever research program - the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958).
At the same time, the study of non-stationary cyclic processes on the Sun, in space and on Earth has become a common theme of the special international programs and many research teams. Space exploration and development of space, naturally made it possible to put the problem of direct measurements in space and obtain the corresponding experimental data on cosmic processes. And recently there was even a special term, space weather, which referred to a set of complex processes in the near-Earth space, determined mainly by solar activity and galactic radiation.
The second key point is that the second half of the 20th century is characterized by the rapid development of a number of biological disciplines, which are a classic example of interdisciplinary sciences - biophysics, biochemistry, biorhythmology, biometeorology, etc, in the area of interest which includes the study of the influence of various factors on biological processes. Currently, the scientific community rooted view that the impact on the body at the same time a lot of environmental factors that raised the question of the impact of ultra-low-intensity factors of cosmic origin
are recorded also on the surface.
Essential to addressing the problems of space-biosphere relations was the development of philosophical and methodological principles based on a systematic approach. A living organism, ecosystem and biosphere have been considered as a thermodynamically open cybernetic dynamical systems. At the same time the development of the theory of dynamical systems has allowed to create mathematical models that describe the qualitative behavior of living systems in time and their high sensitivity to a variety of factors, which in relation to the living system can act as control parameters.
Thus, at present, has all the basic prerequisites for a serious theoretical understanding of the influence of the cosmos to the biospheric processes.
Posing in front of the world's scientific community about the reality of the issue kosmobiosfernyh relations seems quite legitimate and timely, and the study of the biological effects and mechanisms of action of cosmic factors on living systems should be the subject of learning a new field of science - space and the Biosphere.
The Solar Cycle
The sun erupted late on January 22, 2012 with an M8.7 class flare, an earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME), and a burst of fast moving, highly energetic protons known as a "solar energetic particle" event. The latter has caused the strongest solar radiation storm since September 2005 according to NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center.
NASA's Goddard Space Weather Center's models predict that the CME is moving at almost 1,400 miles per second, and could reach Earth's magnetosphere -- the magnetic envelope that surrounds Earth -- as early as tomorrow, Jan 24 at 9 AM ET (plus or minus 7 hours). This has the potential to provide good auroral displays, possibly at lower latitudes than normal.
What is a CME? Learn more here: http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sun...
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