Unanswered questions are deprived of sleep physicists Unanswered questions physicists sleep deprived - Symmetry Magazine asked the experts on the physics of elementary particles called questions to which they would most like to get the answers and that's what came out of it.
Illustration smokeybacon.
What will be the end of the universe?
The poet Robert Frost once asked in the ice, or perish in the flames of the world, and physicists still can not answer this question. Steve Uimpenni the University of California at Riverside notes that the solution depends on the dark energy, which remains unknown member of the equation. Dark energy is responsible for the accelerating expansion of the universe, but its origin - is a mystery. If the dark energy is constant over time, we are probably waiting for the big freeze: the universe will continue to expand faster and faster, and eventually galaxies are so far apart that the current vacuum of space will seem like child's play. If the dark energy increases, expansion will be so rapid that not only increase the space between galaxies, but also between the stars, the galaxies themselves have to be broken, this option is called a great divide.
Another scenario is that dark energy is reduced and is no longer able to counteract the force of gravity, which will cause the universe to clot (Big Crunch). But the bottom line is that, no matter how events unfold, we are doomed. This is still, however, billions or even trillions of years - enough to understand how is it that the universe will die.
Higgs Boson has absolutely no meaning. Why is he there?
This question suggested by Richard Ruiz of the University of Pittsburgh. For the comic form is a real lack of understanding of the nature of the particle, discovered last year at the Large Hadron Collider. The Higgs boson explains how all the other particles acquire mass, but at the same time raises many new questions. For example, why the Higgs boson interacts with all particles in different ways?
Thus, t-quark interacts with more than an electron, causing the first mass is much higher than the second. This is the only example of a non-generic forces in the Standard Model - emphasizes Mr. Ruiz.
In addition, the Higgs boson - the first elementary particle with zero spin. We have a completely new field of particle physics - he says. - We have no idea what is its nature.
Why is the universe is balanced in such a way that life can exist?
If the universe did not God, but blind chance, we simply would not exist. This statement is the truth. Indeed, the galaxies, stars, planets, people are only possible in the universe, which is the first time expanded with a strictly defined speed.
Responsible for the expansion of the centrifugal pressure of dark energy, which is opposed to the inward force of gravity, determined by the mass of the universe, the percentage means is something invisible, called dark matter. If the ratio of these forces was different (if the push of dark energy shortly after the birth of the universe was slightly stronger) - the space would be expanded too fast, and no galaxies, stars just could not be formed. If dark energy is pressed a bit weaker, the universe would have curled up again. So why, asks Erik Ramberg of the National Accelerator Laboratory. Enrico Fermi, they are so well balanced that emerged is the universe in which we live?
We do not know the fundamental cause of this balance - emphasizes the expert. - There is no doubt that the amount of dark energy in the universe - the most finely tuned figure in all of physics.
Where are the astrophysical neutrinos?
The theory predicts that the extremely high-energy neutrinos are generated by collisions of fast charged particles (cosmic rays) with particles of light (photons) in the cosmic microwave background radiation that pervades the entire universe. But what causes this process in motion and how cosmic rays are accelerated - is unknown. The leading hypothesis for which there is no evidence, is that the origin of cosmic rays gives the substance into the hungry supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies. Perhaps obtained when neutrinos are flying so fast that every crumb as much energy as a baseball ball, although in the latter billions of billions of atoms.
We know nothing about their nature, - says Abigail Viregg Institute of Cosmological Physics. Kavli University of Chicago, proposed a question. - That's when we learn and then make inquiries about the sources of that scatter the particles to extremely high energies.
Why is it so happened that the universe is made of matter and not antimatter?
Antimatter - the same matter: it has exactly the same properties as the substance that makes up planets, stars, galaxies. The difference is only one thing - a charge. According to modern concepts in newborn Universe was both equally. Shortly after the Big Bang, matter and antimatter annihilate each other.
The question is, how is it that some of the matter still remains? Why the matter has been successful, and antimatter lost tug of war? To explain this disparity, the researchers diligently seek examples of CP-violation, that is, processes in which the particles prefer to decompose with the formation of matter, not antimatter.
First of all I would like to know whether the different neutrino oscillations between neutrinos and antineutrinos - says Alicia Marino will share issue of the University of Colorado. - Nothing like this has not been observed, but we hope the next generation of experiments.
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I was listening to Bro Nouman's podcast at Bayyina.com [Al-Kauthar] and wanted to share this piece with you where he talks about western textual criticism of Quran
http://bayyinah.com/podcast/category/... 108 Kauthar part 2 [from ... 32 : 41 onwards]
Originally uploaded by: http://www.youtube.com/user/yt3601
